Kumar, S GaneshS GaneshKumarRizwan, R MohamedR MohamedRizwanKumar, V NaveenV NaveenKumarRevathi, BBRevathiRahul, S MS MRahulSuyambulinagm, IndranIndranSuyambulinagmArockiasamy, Felix SahayarajFelix SahayarajArockiasamy2025-04-172025-04-172024Vol. 60; pp. 613-6222662-3161https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-7071-7_43https://gnanaganga.alliance.edu.in/handle/123456789/73403D printing is increasingly recognized as a transformative technology in manufacturing, offering unprecedented flexibility and precision in producing complex geometries. The selection of materials significantly influences the mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of the final products, making it a critical area of study. This review paper delves into the latest advancements in 3D printing materials, focusing on polymer composites, metals, nano-composites, and their applications in additive manufacturing. Recent research highlights the critical role of polymer composites in enhancing biocompatibility, mechanical integrity, and functional properties of printed objects. Notably, the integration of carbon nanoparticles in extrusion-based 3D printing has been shown to drastically reduce print failures and enhance the mechanical strength of the products. The paper also examines the electrical and thermal conductivity improvements that these advanced materials can provide. This review not only synthesizes current research but also discusses persistent challenges in the field, such as material durability and process stability. It aims to serve as a comprehensive guide for both researchers and industry practitioners in navigating the complexities of material selection for additive manufacturing, particularly emphasizing the potential of polymer composites to revolutionize this field. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.en3D PrintingCarbon Nano ParticlesPolymer CompositesBook chapter