An overview of thermosensitive hydrogel based nanocomposites for high temperature and fire resistance applications

The modern world demands sophisticated materials by modifying every aspect of each atom for further acceleration in any specific domain. Fire resistant materials are also the most researched topic of materialists as this open avenue for various fire-related applications. Development of sustainable materials might reduce the harmful environmental effects of the synthetic materials. Thermosensitive hydrogels are specifically used for high temperature and fire-retardant applications. The synthesis of thermosensitive hydrogels from a natural material has been focused on obtaining a sustainable biomaterial. For a better understanding of its thermal behavior, various temperature-related properties were also reviewed. This review focuses on synthesis of thermosensitive hydrogel from natural sources, thermal properties, and future scope through patent landscape analysis. From the review, it was inferred that the thermosensitive hydrogels synthesized from the natural materials cannot only be effectively employed in high temperature and fire retardance but also act as sustainable materials for such applications. © 2025 The Author(s)